📝夏夜随风
type: channel
link: https://xysf.top/
description: 夏夜随风
items: 被动语态完整笔记
items: 新概念英语2 Lesson52 A pretty carpet
items: 新概念英语2 Lesson51 Reward for virtue
items: 新概念英语2 Lesson50 Taken for a ride
items: 新概念英语2 Lesson49 The end of a dream
items: 新概念英语2 Lesson48 Did you want to tell me something?
items: 新概念英语2 Lesson47 A thirsty ghost
items: 新概念英语2 Lesson46 Expensive and uncomfortable
items: 新概念英语2 Lesson45 A clear conscience
items: Lesson44

被动语态完整笔记
type: item
date: 2026-09-02T13:10:58+00:00
description: 📚 被动语态完整笔记一、被动语态的核心公式被动语态 = be + 过去分词（done）核心规则：be 动词 体现时态、人称、数过去分词 永远不变主动变被动的步骤：把主动句的宾语变成被动句的主语把主动句的谓语变成 be + 过去分词把主动句的主语变成 by + 宾语（可省略）主动：The cat ate the fish.被动：The fish was eaten by the cat.二、各时态的被动语态（完整版）1. 一般现在时结构示例中文am / is / are + doneThe room is cleaned every day.房间每天都被打扫。 These books are written in English.这些书是用英语写的。 I am paid well.我工资很高。否定： am/is/are + not + done疑问： Am/Is/Are + 主语 + done?2. 一般过去时结构示例中文was / were + doneThe window was broken yesterday.窗户昨天被打碎了。 The letters were sent last week.信上周被寄出了。 I was told the news.有人告诉了我这个消息。否定： was/were + not + done疑问： Was/Were + 主语 + done?3. 一般将来时结构示例中文will be + doneThe work will be finished tomorrow.工作明天会被完成。am/is/are going to be + doneThe house is going to be sold.这房子将要被卖掉。am/is/are to be + done（较正式）The meeting is to be held next week.会议将于下周举行。否定： will not be done / is not going to be done疑问： Will + 主语 + be done?4. 过去将来时结构示例中文would be + doneHe said the work would be finished the next day.他说工作第二天会完成。was/were going to be + doneShe told me the car was going to be repaired.她告诉我车将被修理。⚠️ 注意： 过去将来时主要用于间接引语/宾语从句中，表示从过去看将来。5. 现在进行时结构示例中文am / is / are + being + doneThe bridge is being built.这座桥正在被修建。 The problem is being discussed now.这个问题正在被讨论。 The rooms are being cleaned.房间正在被打扫。否定： am/is/are + not + being done疑问： Am/Is/Are + 主语 + being done?⚠️ 注意： 不要漏掉 being！这是进行时态的被动标志。6. 过去进行时结构示例中文was / were + being + doneThe road was being repaired when I passed.我经过时，这条路正在被修。 The dinner was being cooked when they arrived.他们到达时，晚餐正在被做。否定： was/were + not + being done疑问： Was/Were + 主语 + being done?⚠️ 注意： 进行时态（现在进行时、过去进行时）的被动语态，必须有 being，否则会变成一般时态。7. 现在完成时结构示例中文have / has + been + doneThe house has been sold.这房子已经被卖了。 The letters have been sent.信已经被寄出了。 He has been told the truth.他已经被告知了真相。否定： have/has + not + been done疑问： Have/Has + 主语 + been done?8. 过去完成时结构示例中文had + been + doneThe work had been finished before he arrived.在他到达之前，工作已经完成了。 She realized she had been cheated.她意识到自己被骗了。否定： had + not + been done疑问： Had + 主语 + been done?9. 将来…

新概念英语2 Lesson52 A pretty carpet
type: item
date: 2026-08-06T03:36:33+00:00
description: 第1句原文：We have just moved into a new house and I have been working hard all morning.中文翻译： 我们刚刚搬进了一所新房子，我整个上午一直在努力工作。成分内容说明主语①We 谓语①have just moved现在完成时状语into a new house 连词and 主语②I 谓语②have been working现在完成进行时状语hard all morning 时态解析：动词时态时间线have just moved现在完成时刚刚搬完（过去的动作对现在有影响）have been working现在完成进行时从早上一直到现在，一直在干活（强调持续性和累）词法点：词组/单词用法说明have just moved刚刚搬了just 常与现在完成时连用have been working一直在工作现在完成进行时，强调动作从过去持续到现在，可能还在进行all morning整个上午时间状语现在完成时 vs 现在完成进行时：时态例句侧重点现在完成时I have moved into a new house.强调结果：搬完了现在完成进行时I have been working all morning.强调过程：一直在做，很累第2句原文：I have been trying to get my new room in order.中文翻译： 我一直在努力把我的新房间整理好。成分内容说明主语I 谓语have been trying现在完成进行时宾语to get my new room in order不定式短语时态解析：动词时态说明have been trying现在完成进行时一直在努力尝试（强调动作的持续性和付出）词法点：词组/单词用法说明have been trying一直在尝试现在完成进行时，强调“反复/持续的努力”get...in order把……整理好/归置好固定短语in order整齐/有条理介词短语作宾补第3句原文：This has not been easy because I own over a thousand books.中文翻译： 这并不容易，因为我有上千本书。成分内容说明主语This指代“整理房间”这件事谓语has not been现在完成时（否定）表语easy 原因状语从句because I own over a thousand books一般现在时时态解析：动词时态说明has not been现在完成时到目前为止（这件事）一直不容易own一般现在时拥有（现在的状态）词法点：词组/单词用法说明has not been easy一直不容易现在完成时，表示从过去到现在一直如此own拥有及物动词，= haveover a thousand超过一千over = more than第4句原文：To make matters worse, the room is rather small, so I have temporarily put my books on the floor.中文翻译： 更糟的是，房间相当小，所以我暂时把书放在了地板上。成分内容说明插入语To make matters worse更糟的是（固定短语）主语the room 系动词is一般现在时表语rather small 连词so所以主语I 谓语have temporarily put现在完成时宾语my books 状语on the floor 时态解析：动词时态说明is一般现在时房间小（现在的事实）have put现在完成时已经放了（过去的动作，对现在的影响是书现在在地板上）词法点：词组/单词用法说明To make matters worse更糟的是固定插入语（使情况更糟的是）rather相当副词，修饰 smalltemporarily暂时地副词，修饰 puthave put放了put 的过去分词（put-put-put）第5句原文：At the moment, they cover every inch of floor space and I actually have to walk on them to get in or out of the room.中文翻译： 此刻，它们占据了地板的每一寸空间，我实际上得踩着它们进出房间。成分内容说明状语At the moment此刻主语①they指 books谓语①cover一般现在时宾语every inch of floor space 连词and 主语②I 谓语②have to walk一般现在时（情态动词）状语on them 目的状语to get in or out of the room 时态解析：动词时态说明c…

新概念英语2 Lesson51 Reward for virtue
type: item
date: 2026-08-06T03:35:38+00:00
description: 第1句原文：My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet.中文翻译： 我的朋友休一直都很胖，但最近情况变得如此糟糕，以至于他决定节食。成分内容说明主语My friend, Hugh我的朋友休（同位语）谓语①has always been现在完成时表语fat 连词but 主语②things情况/形势谓语②got一般过去时状语so bad 结果状语从句that he decided to go on a diet一般过去时时态解析：动词时态时间线has always been现在完成时从过去一直到现在（一直胖）got一般过去时变得（过去某个时间点）decided一般过去时决定（过去动作）词法点：词组/单词用法说明has always been一直……现在完成时 + always（从过去到现在持续）things情况/形势复数形式表示“情况”got so bad that变得如此糟糕以至于……so + 形容词 + that（结果状语从句）go on a diet节食固定短语第2句原文：He began his diet a week ago.中文翻译： 他一周前开始了节食。成分内容说明主语He 谓语began一般过去时宾语his diet 时间状语a week ago一周前时态解析：动词时态说明began一般过去时开始（过去动作），a week ago 是明确的过去时间标志词法点：词组/单词用法说明a week ago一周前一般过去时的标志时间状语第3句原文：First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.中文翻译： 首先，他写出了一长列所有被禁止的食物清单。成分内容说明状语First of all首先主语he 谓语wrote out一般过去时宾语a long list of all the foods 定语从句which were forbidden一般过去时被动时态解析：动词时态说明wrote out一般过去时写出（过去动作）were forbidden一般过去时被动被禁止（过去状态）词法点：词组/单词用法说明First of all首先时间顺序状语wrote out写出/列出write out = 全部写出来a long list of一长串……的清单list = 清单/列表which were forbidden被禁止的定语从句修饰 foods，which 作主语不能省略第4句原文：The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes, rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets.中文翻译： 清单包括了休喜欢的大部分东西：黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果。成分内容说明主语The list 谓语included一般过去时宾语most of the things 定语从句(that) Hugh loves一般现在时时态解析：动词时态时间线included一般过去时清单里包含（过去状态）loves一般现在时休现在仍然喜欢（客观事实）词法点：词组/单词用法说明included包括/包含include 的过去式most of the things大部分东西most of + 复数名词Hugh loves休喜欢的定语从句，省略了关系代词 that定语从句省略：most of the things (that) Hugh loves= 休喜欢的大部分东西that 在从句中作 loves 的宾语，可以省略。第5句原文：Yesterday I paid him a visit.中文翻译： 昨天我去拜访了他。成分内容说明时间状语Yesterday昨天主语I 谓语paid一般过去时间接宾语him 直接宾语a visit 时态解析：动词时态说明paid一般过去时拜访（过去动作），Yesterday 是明确过去时间标志词法点：词组/单词用法说明pay sb a visit拜访某人固定短语，= visit sb第6句原文：I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever.中文翻译： 我按了门铃，看到休还是像以前一样胖，一点也不惊讶。成分内容说明谓语①rang一般过去时宾语the bell 连词and 谓语②was not surprised一般过去时状语to see …

新概念英语2 Lesson50 Taken for a ride
type: item
date: 2026-08-06T03:33:59+00:00
description: 第1句原文：I love travelling in the country, but I don't like losing my way.中文翻译： 我喜欢在乡间旅行，但不喜欢迷路。成分内容说明主语I 谓语①love一般现在时宾语travelling in the country动名词短语连词but 谓语②don't like一般现在时（否定）宾语losing my way动名词短语时态解析：动词时态说明love一般现在时现在的喜好（状态）don't like一般现在时现在的不喜欢（状态）词法点：词组/单词用法说明love / like + doing喜欢做某事后接动名词，表示一种习惯或爱好travelling in the country在乡间旅行in the country = 在乡下/农村losing my way迷路lose one's way = 迷路（固定短语）第2句原文：I went on an excursion recently, but my trip took me longer than I expected.中文翻译： 我最近去远足了一次，但这趟行程花的时间比我预想的要长。成分内容说明谓语①went一般过去时宾语on an excursion 状语recently 连词but 主语②my trip 谓语②took一般过去时宾语me 补语longer than I expected比较状语时态解析：动词时态说明went一般过去时去了（过去动作）took一般过去时花了（过去动作）expected一般过去时预想（过去动作）词法点：词组/单词用法说明went on an excursion去远足excursion = 短途旅行/远足recently最近常与一般过去时或现在完成时连用took me longer花了我更长时间take + 人 + 时间 = 花了某人多少时间than I expected比我预期的than 引导比较状语从句第3句原文：'I'm going to Woodford Green,' I said to the conductor as I got on the bus, 'but I don't know where it is.'中文翻译： “我要去伍德福德格林，”我上车时对售票员说，“但我不知道它在哪儿。”成分内容说明直接引语①I'm going to Woodford Green 插入语I said to the conductor一般过去时时间状语从句as I got on the bus一般过去时直接引语②but I don't know where it is 时态解析：动词时态时间线'm going现在进行时（表将来）按计划要去（将来）said一般过去时说（过去动作）got on一般过去时上车（过去动作）don't know一般现在时现在不知道（状态）is一般现在时它在哪儿（当前事实）词法点：词组/单词用法说明'm going to要去现在进行时表将来（计划好的事）Woodford Green伍德福德格林地名（伦敦附近）conductor售票员公共汽车上的售票员as I got on当我上车时as = 当……的时候where it is它在哪儿间接疑问句，用陈述语序第4句原文：'I'll tell you where to get off,' answered the conductor.中文翻译： “我会告诉你在哪儿下车，”售票员回答道。成分内容说明直接引语I'll tell you where to get off 插入语answered the conductor一般过去时时态解析：动词时态时间线'll tell一般将来时将来的动作（承诺）answered一般过去时回答（过去动作）词法点：词组/单词用法说明'll tell you我会告诉你will 表将来（承诺/自愿）where to get off在哪里下车疑问词 + 不定式 结构，简化宾语从句answered回答道说话人的动作where to get off = where you should get off疑问词 + 不定式 是英语中常见的简练写法，相当于一个完整的宾语从句。第5句原文：I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside.中文翻译： 我坐在公共汽车的前部，以便好好欣赏乡间的景色。成分内容说明主语I 谓语sat一般过去时状语in the front of the bus 目的状语to get a good view of the countryside不定式短语时态解析：动词时态说明sat一般过去时坐（过去…

新概念英语2 Lesson49 The end of a dream
type: item
date: 2026-07-29T14:32:26+00:00
description: 第1句原文：Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed.中文翻译： 因为厌倦了睡在地板上，德黑兰的一个年轻人攒了好几年的钱，去买一张真正的床。成分内容说明原因状语（分词短语）Tired of sleeping on the floor过去分词短语作状语主语a young man in Teheran德黑兰的一个年轻人谓语saved up一般过去时状语for years数年目的状语to buy a real bed不定式短语时态解析：动词时态说明saved up一般过去时攒钱（过去动作）词法点：词组/单词用法说明Tired of sleeping on the floor厌倦了睡在地板上过去分词短语作原因状语save up攒钱/储蓄固定短语for years好几年时间短语to buy为了买不定式作目的状语a real bed一张真正的床real = 真正的（不是简易的）分词作状语（重点！）：Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man saved up...原句可还原为：Because he was tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man saved up...逻辑：主系表结构，省略了主语 he 和系动词 was，直接保留表语 Tired 作状语。Tired 是过去分词（作形容词），表示“感到疲倦/厌倦的”与主语 a young man 是被动/状态关系（他处于“厌倦”的状态）所以用过去分词 Tired，不用现在分词 Tiring第2句原文：For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress.中文翻译： 他有生以来第一次，成为了一张带弹簧和床垫的床的骄傲主人。成分内容说明状语For the first time in his life有生以来第一次主语he 谓语became一般过去时表语the proud owner of a bed名词短语定语从句which had springs and a mattress一般过去时时态解析：动词时态说明became一般过去时成为（过去动作）had一般过去时有（定语从句，过去状态）词法点：词组/单词用法说明For the first time in his life他有生以来第一次时间状语became成为become 的过去式（不规则动词）the proud owner of……的骄傲主人proud = 自豪的which had springs and a mattress有弹簧和床垫的定语从句修饰 bedsprings弹簧可数名词复数mattress床垫可数名词定语从句：a bed which had springs and a mattress= 一张有弹簧和床垫的床which 在从句中作主语，不能省略。第3句原文：Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house.中文翻译： 因为天气非常热，他把床搬到了他家的屋顶上。成分内容说明原因状语从句Because the weather was very hot一般过去时主语he 谓语carried一般过去时宾语the bed 状语on to the roof of his house到屋顶上时态解析：动词时态说明was一般过去时天气热（过去状态）carried一般过去时搬（过去动作）词法点：词组/单词用法说明Because因为引导原因状语从句carried搬/抬carry 的过去式on to到……上面表示“移动到……上面”（= onto）the roof屋顶可数名词on to vs onto：on to = 到……上面（强调移动的方向）onto = 同上，现代英语中更常用本句用 on to，两者都可以。第4句原文：He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up.中文翻译： 头两个晚上他睡得很好，但在第三天晚上，一场暴风雨突然来临。成分内容说明主语He 谓语①slept一般过去时状语very well for the first two nights 连词but 时间状语on the third night 主语②a storm 谓语②ble…

新概念英语2 Lesson48 Did you want to tell me something?
type: item
date: 2026-07-28T12:57:14+00:00
description: 第1句原文：Dentists always ask questions when it is impossible for you to answer.中文翻译： 牙医总是在你不可能回答的时候问问题。成分内容说明主语Dentists牙医们（泛指）谓语ask一般现在时宾语questions问题时间状语从句when it is impossible for you to answer一般现在时时态解析：动词时态说明ask一般现在时表示经常发生的习惯性动作is一般现在时描述客观事实词法点：词组/单词用法说明always总是频率副词，放在动词前面when当……的时候引导时间状语从句it is impossible for you to answer你不可能回答固定句型：It is + 形容词 + for sb + to doanswer回答此处作不及物动词（不加宾语）it is + 形容词 + for sb to do 结构：It is impossible for you to answer.= 对你来说，回答是不可能的。it = 形式主语（真正主语是不定式 to answer）课文的幽默：牙医总是在你嘴里塞满棉花、无法开口的时候问问题，而且你还得努力做出回应——这本身就很好笑。第2句原文：My dentist had just pulled out one of my teeth and had told me to rest for a while.中文翻译： 我的牙医刚刚拔掉了我的一颗牙，并告诉我要休息一会儿。成分内容说明主语My dentist我的牙医状语just刚刚谓语①had pulled out过去完成时宾语one of my teeth我的一颗牙连词and 谓语②had told过去完成时宾语me 宾补to rest for a while不定式短语时态解析：动词时态时间线had pulled out过去完成时拔牙——发生在叙述时间点之前had told过去完成时告诉——发生在叙述时间点之前为什么用过去完成时？整篇课文是在回忆过去在诊所里发生的事。拔牙和嘱咐都发生在那个时间点之前，所以用过去完成时。词法点：词组/单词用法说明had just pulled out刚刚拔掉pull out = 拔出（牙齿）one of my teeth我的一颗牙tooth 的复数是 teethhad told me to rest告诉我要休息tell + 人 + 不定式for a while一会儿时间短语第3句原文：I tried to say something, but my mouth was full of cotton wool.中文翻译： 我试图说些什么，但我的嘴里塞满了棉球。成分内容说明主语I 谓语①tried一般过去时宾语to say something不定式短语连词but但是主语②my mouth 谓语②was full of一般过去时时态解析：动词时态说明tried一般过去时试图（过去动作）was full of一般过去时充满（过去状态）词法点：词组/单词用法说明tried to say试图说try to do = 努力尝试something一些话/什么事肯定句用 somethingbe full of充满……固定短语cotton wool药棉/棉球不可数名词第4句原文：He knew I collected match boxes and asked me whether my collection was growing.中文翻译： 他知道我收集火柴盒，并问我的收藏是否在不断增加。成分内容说明主语He 谓语①knew一般过去时宾语从句①(that) I collected match boxes一般过去时连词and 谓语②asked一般过去时间接宾语me 宾语从句②whether my collection was growing过去进行时时态解析：动词时态说明knew一般过去时他知道（过去状态）collected一般过去时我收集（过去习惯/事实）asked一般过去时他问（过去动作）was growing过去进行时正在增长（强调“当时正在”增加）词法点：词组/单词用法说明knew知道know 的过去式collected收集过去时match boxes火柴盒复数asked me whether问我是否……ask + 人 + whether/if 从句my collection我的收藏collection = 收藏品（可数名词）was growing在增长过去进行时第5句原文：He then asked me how my brother was and whether I liked my new job in L…

新概念英语2 Lesson47 A thirsty ghost
type: item
date: 2026-07-27T12:22:00+00:00
description: 第1句原文：A public house which was recently bought by Mr. Ian Thompson is up for sale.中文翻译： 伊恩·汤普森先生最近买下的一家酒店现在要出售了。成分内容说明主语A public house一家酒店/酒吧定语从句which was recently bought by Mr. Ian Thompson一般过去时被动谓语is up for sale一般现在时时态解析：动词时态时间线was bought一般过去时被动买下（过去动作）is up for sale一般现在时现在待售（当前状态）词法点：词组/单词用法说明public house酒馆/酒吧英式英语，常缩写为 pubwhich was recently bought最近被买下的定语从句，修饰 public housewas bought by被……买下被动语态 + by + 施动者recently最近常与现在完成时或一般过去时连用is up for sale待售/出售中固定短语定语从句：A public house which was recently bought by Mr. Ian Thompson= 被伊恩·汤普森先生最近买下的一家酒店which 在从句中作主语（被买的是房子），不能省略。up for sale 的用法：be up for sale = 待售（放在市场上卖）for sale = 待售（通用）on sale = 打折出售（美式）第2句原文：Mr. Thompson is going to sell it because it is haunted.中文翻译： 汤普森先生打算把它卖掉，因为它闹鬼。成分内容说明主语Mr. Thompson汤普森先生谓语is going to sell一般将来时（be going to）宾语it指代那家酒店原因状语从句because it is haunted一般现在时被动时态解析：动词时态说明is going to sell一般将来时（be going to）打算卖（将来计划）is haunted一般现在时被动闹鬼（当前状态）词法点：词组/单词用法说明is going to sell打算卖be going to + 动词原形（将来计划）because因为连词，引导原因状语从句is haunted闹鬼haunt 的被动形式，表示“有鬼魂出没”haunted 的用法：The house is haunted.= 这房子闹鬼。haunted 是过去分词作形容词，表示“有鬼魂出没的”。例如：a haunted house = 鬼屋第3句原文：He told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar.中文翻译： 他告诉我，有一天晚上他无法入睡，因为他听到酒吧里传来一种奇怪的声响。成分内容说明主语He他谓语told一般过去时间接宾语me我宾语从句that he could not go to sleep one night一般过去时（情态动词）原因状语从句because he heard a strange noise coming from the bar一般过去时时态解析：动词时态说明told一般过去时他告诉我（过去动作）could not go一般过去时（情态动词）无法入睡（过去能力/状态）heard一般过去时听到（过去动作）词法点：词组/单词用法说明told me that告诉我……tell + 人 + that 从句could not go to sleep无法入睡could not = 不能；go to sleep = 入睡one night有一天晚上过去时间状语heard听到hear 的过去式（不规则动词）a strange noise一种奇怪的声响strange = 奇怪的；noise = 噪音/声响coming from the bar从酒吧传来的现在分词短语作定语，修饰 noise感官动词 + 宾语 + 现在分词：He heard a strange noise coming from the bar.= 他听到一种奇怪的声响正从酒吧传来。hear + 宾语 + doing：听到某人/某物正在做某事对比：I heard him sing.（听到他唱了整首歌——全过程） I heard him **singing**.（听到他正在唱——片段）第4句原文：The next morning, he found that the doors had been blocked by chairs an…

新概念英语2 Lesson46 Expensive and uncomfortable
type: item
date: 2026-07-23T15:00:00+00:00
description: 第1句原文：When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing.中文翻译： 当一架从伦敦来的飞机抵达悉尼机场时，工人们开始卸下一些装衣服的木箱子。成分内容说明时间状语从句When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport一般过去时主句workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes一般过去时定语从句which contained clothing一般过去时（修饰 boxes）时态解析：动词时态说明arrived一般过去时飞机抵达（过去动作）began一般过去时工人们开始（过去动作）contained一般过去时箱子装着衣服（过去状态）词法点：词组/单词用法说明from London从伦敦来的介词短语作定语，修饰 planearrived at抵达（小地点）arrive at + 机场/车站；arrive in + 城市/国家Sydney airport悉尼机场专有名词began to unload开始卸货begin to do = 开始做某事a number of一些/若干修饰可数名词复数wooden boxes木箱子wooden = 木制的（形容词）which contained clothing装着衣服的which 指代 boxes，在定语从句中作主语定语从句 which contained clothing：wooden boxes which contained clothing= 装着衣服的木箱子which 在从句中作主语，不能省略。第2句原文：No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy.中文翻译： 没有人能解释这个事实：其中一个箱子非常重。成分内容说明主语No one没有人谓语could account for一般过去时（情态动词）宾语the fact这个事实同位语从句that one of the boxes was extremely heavy一般过去时（解释 fact 的内容）时态解析：动词时态说明could account for一般过去时（情态动词）能够解释（过去能力）was一般过去时箱子很重（过去状态）词法点：词组/单词用法说明No one没有人作主语，谓语用单数account for解释/说明固定短语the fact that...……这个事实that 引导同位语从句one of the boxes其中一个箱子one of + 复数名词extremely heavy非常重extremely = 极其（副词修饰形容词）同位语从句 that one of the boxes was extremely heavy：the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy= 其中一个箱子非常重这个事实that 引导同位语从句，解释 fact 的具体内容。第3句原文：It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box.中文翻译： 其中一个工人突然想到把箱子打开。成分内容说明形式主语It指代不定式谓语suddenly occurred to一般过去时真正主语to open up the box不定式短语时态解析：动词时态说明occurred to一般过去时突然想到（过去动作）词法点：词组/单词用法说明It occurred to sb to do某人突然想到做某事固定句型suddenly突然地副词，修饰 occurredone of the workers其中一个工人复数名词前用 one ofopen up打开open up + 容器/箱子occur to 的用法：It occurred to me to call him.= 我突然想到给他打电话。注意： occur to 的主语通常是想法或不定式，不是人。❌ I occurred to open the box.✅ It occurred to me to open the box.第4句原文：He was astonished at what he found.中文翻译： 他对所发现的东西感到非常惊讶。成分内容说明主语He他（指那个工人）谓语was astonished at一般过去时被动宾语what he found名词性从句（what = …

新概念英语2 Lesson45 A clear conscience
type: item
date: 2026-07-22T14:39:00+00:00
description: 第1句原文：The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.中文翻译： 整个村子很快得知，一大笔钱丢失了。成分内容说明主语The whole village整个村子（指全村的人）谓语learnt一般过去时宾语从句that a large sum of money had been lost过去完成时被动时态解析：动词时态时间线learnt一般过去时村子得知（过去动作）had been lost过去完成时被动钱丢失发生在 learnt 之前（过去的过去）时间线：[money had been lost] → [village learnt]（钱先丢了） （村子后得知）词法点：词组/单词用法说明The whole village全村人集合名词，指全村的人learnt得知/听说learn 的过去式（英式拼写，美式为 learned）a large sum of money一大笔钱sum = 金额/总数；修饰不可数名词 moneyhad been lost已经被丢失过去完成时被动（lost 是 lose 的过去分词）被动语态：had been lost主动：Someone had lost the money.被动：The money had been lost.第2句原文：Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office.中文翻译： 当地屠户萨姆·本顿在把存款送到邮局的路上丢失了钱包。成分内容说明主语Sam Benton, the local butcher萨姆·本顿（同位语：当地屠户）谓语had lost过去完成时宾语his wallet他的钱包时间状语while taking his savings to the post office现在分词短语（省略了 he was）时态解析：动词时态说明had lost过去完成时钱包丢失发生在“村子得知”之前（过去的过去）taking现在分词伴随动作，表示“在……的时候”时间线：[had lost his wallet] → [village learnt]（先丢钱包） （后村子得知）词法点：词组/单词用法说明the local butcher当地屠户同位语，解释 Sam Benton 的身份had lost丢失了过去完成时（lose 的过去分词 lost）while taking在……的时候时间状语从句的省略（while he was taking）savings存款/储蓄复数形式，表示“积蓄”post office邮局固定短语while + 现在分词（省略结构）：...while (he was) taking his savings to the post office.= ……当他正在把存款送到邮局的时候。当主句和从句主语一致时，可以省略 he was，只保留现在分词 taking。第3句原文：Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him.中文翻译： 萨姆确信钱包一定是被某个村民捡到了，但是并没有归还给他。成分内容说明主语Sam萨姆谓语was sure一般过去时宾语从句that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers情态动词 + 完成时被动连词but但是并列句it was not returned to him一般过去时被动（否定）时态解析：动词时态说明was sure一般过去时他确信（过去状态）must have been found情态动词 + 完成时被动对过去的肯定推测：一定已经被找到了was not returned一般过去时被动（否定）没有被归还词法点：词组/单词用法说明was sure确信be sure + that 从句must have been found一定已经被找到了must + have been done（对过去的肯定推测）by one of the villagers被某个村民by + 施动者（被动语态）was not returned to him没有被归还给他return = 归还must have been done（重点）：The wallet must have been found by one of the villagers.= 钱包一定被某个村民找到了。结构：must + h…

Lesson44
type: item
date: 2026-07-19T12:23:00+00:00
description: 123